Internet Services, Modems & Routers, Tech Reviews, Computer Networking, Security, and more!

Afroz Ahmad – Main Author of AfrozAhmad.com

Welcome to Afroz Ahmad – I’ve been writing about computer network technologies on my blog since 2012. My name is Afroz Ahmad, and I am a seasoned Network Engineer and author of AfrozAhmad.com.

I’m a CCIE with more than 17 years of experience in Computer Networking, Data Centers, Telecom, Internet Services, and ISPs. Currently, I work as a Network Designer for a leading ISP equipment vendor. I share my expertise through my blog and courses, aiming to help people solve everyday internet issues, select the appropriate equipment for their tech needs, and simplify complex networking concepts for both beginners and experienced professionals.

Read more about me >>

Reach out to me with any questions you have on Computer Networking, Modems, Routers, Internet services, etc.

More than 150 interview questions of network engineer

150+ Interview Questions for Network Engineers with Answers [Includes PDF]

Afroz Ahmad Nov 23, 2021 47 min read
Find out if you’re ready for the next step in your networking career with these tips and basic to advanced level interview questions of network engineers with answers.
What is cisco vpc

What is Cisco vPC? A Complete Guide to Configuration & Benefits

Afroz Ahmad Oct 1, 2021 12 min read
What is Cisco vPC: It is a Cisco Nexus Switch-specific feature that provides the capability to the links of the third device that are physically connected to two different Cisco Nexus Switches to appear as a single port channel.
Tips for Video Interview

How to Ace a Video Interview: 15 Actionable Tips for 2025

Afroz Ahmad Sep 23, 2021 10 min read
After coronavirus, recruiters post jobs and immediately start taking video interviews of the applicants to make a snap judgment for a good fit. In today's blog, we'll be discussing practical tips for video interview. We'll go over some simple tips, setup, do's, and don'ts for the interview.
HSRP vs VRRP vs GLBP

HSRP vs VRRP vs GLBP – A Quick Guide

Afroz Ahmad Aug 27, 2021 6 min read
Which one to use while deciding between HSRP vs VRRP vs GLBP, this is really a matter of the type of equipment at your disposal, network design complexity, or sometimes personal preference. The main difference is that VRRP is industry-standard while HSRP and GLBP are Cisco-proprietary protocols.
How to Configure VRRP on Cisco Device

What is VRRP, and How Do You Configure It on Cisco Devices?

Afroz Ahmad Aug 25, 2021 9 min read
VRRP is an open standard FHRP defined in RFC-3768. It can be configured on Cisco devices to quickly detect and respond to router failures, providing fault tolerance at the network layer. Watch the video and take the quiz for a brief overview of VRRP.
HSRP Config Full Guide

HSRP Config – The Definitive Guide with Video, Diagrams, Configs, and Quiz

Afroz Ahmad Aug 11, 2021 17 min read
HSRP is an FHRP (First Hop Redundancy Protocol) developed by Cisco to provide redundancy and high network availability almost anywhere in the network where we have two layer3 devices. Watch the short video and take a quiz to quickly understand the HSRP config.
Router-on-the-stick-config

Router on the Stick Configuration – Enterprise and Service Provider Example

Afroz Ahmad Jul 21, 2021 12 min read
The router on the stick configuration is a powerful and easy way to add additional equipment to your network without running a direct cable from your user device to the router. This post will discuss two scenarios where we can use this type of configuration: in an Enterprise network and a Service Provider network.
Behavioural Interview Questions and Answers

22 Done For You Behavioural Interview Questions and Answers

Afroz Ahmad Jun 30, 2021 18 min read
Behavioural interview questions and answers are designed to learn about your past behavior, which relates to the job description and position you are interviewing for. The general belief is that your past behavior is predictive of your future behavior, so the interviewer wants to learn what you have done to understand
Cisco Router Login Details

How to Find Cisco Router Login Details

Afroz Ahmad May 19, 2021 7 min read
If you are looking for a way to find cisco router login details, you are in the right place! I will share with you two simple methods that can help you find your cisco router's login information.
staying awake

How to Use Night Light in Windows 11 & 10 to Reduce Blue Light & Sleep Better

Afroz Ahmad Feb 9, 2021 4 min read
What if I say that there is one simple windows10 feature to turn off blue light, which is turned off by default and can help you sleep better, especially if you work at night on your laptop.
Installing BackTrack 5 R3 inside Vmware Workstation

Installing BackTrack 5 R3 inside Vmware Workstation

Afroz Ahmad Jan 26, 2013 2 min read

In this tutorial i will show you how to install…

Cisco Nexus VRF and OSPF Lab Configuration

Cisco Nexus VRF and OSPF Lab Configuration

Afroz Ahmad Jan 26, 2013 13 min read

Originally, this exercise was performed on the Cisco Nexus 7000…

Configure ACLs using Atomic Programming in Cisco Nexus 7000

Configure ACLs using Atomic Programming in Cisco Nexus 7000

Afroz Ahmad Jan 24, 2013 2 min read

This lab has been completed on Nexus 7010 with the…

(Legacy Guide) ASA 8.4 Site-to-Site VPN Tunnel using IKEv1

(Legacy Guide) ASA 8.4 Site-to-Site VPN Tunnel using IKEv1

Afroz Ahmad Jan 24, 2013 9 min read

This is a step-by-step guide for configuring a site-to-site VPN…

Configuring User Accounts and RBAC on Cisco Nexus Switches (NX-OS Guide)

Configuring User Accounts and RBAC on Cisco Nexus Switches (NX-OS Guide)

Afroz Ahmad Jan 23, 2013 8 min read
In this article, we will discuss Nexus 7K user accounts and RBACs
GLBP Details

GLBP Details, Configs and Load Balancing Tests

Afroz Ahmad Apr 23, 2012 26 min read
Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol that attempts to overcome the limitations of existing redundant router protocols by adding basic load balancing functionality. Watch the short video and take a quiz to get a quick understanding of GLBP.
How to Copy Large Show Tech-support from Cisco Device Using Putty

How to Copy Large “show tech-support” Output from a Cisco Device Using PuTTY

Afroz Ahmad Jan 22, 2012 4 min read
How to copy a large “Show Tech-support” output from a Cisco device using Putty. This is useful in case you are unable to copy the entire content of the output in one go.
Layer 2 over WAN - Bridging

Bridging LAN Over WAN

Afroz Ahmad Nov 21, 2011 9 min read

⚠️ Legacy Technology Notice: This article covers legacy Cisco transparent…

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EIGRP Neighbor: AS Number Unknown Explained

Afroz Ahmad Nov 3, 2011 9 min read

In the dynamic world of network engineering, troubleshooting is a…

Cisco PfR/OER: Modern SD-WAN and Automation

Cisco PfR/OER: Modern SD-WAN and Automation

Afroz Ahmad Oct 31, 2011 17 min read

Today, we revisit a foundational Cisco feature: Optimized Edge Routing…